2.2 Distributed allocation of address space The basic idea of the plan is to allocate one or more blocks of Class C network numbers to each network service provider. Organizations using the network service provider for Internet connectivity are allocated bitmask-oriented subsets of the provider's address space as required. It is also worthwhile to mention that once inter-domain protocols which support classless network destinations are widely deployed, the rules described by this plan generalize to permit arbitrary super/subnetting of the remaining class A and class B address space (the assumption being that classless inter-domain protocols will either allow for non-contiguous subnets to exist in the system or that all components of a sub-allocated class A/B will be contained Fuller, Li, Yu & Varadhan [Page 5] RFC 1519 CIDR Address Strategy September 1993 within a single routing domain). This will allow this plan to continue to be used in the event that the class C space is exhausted before implementation of a long-term solution is deployed. This alternative is discussed further below in section 6. Hierarchical sub-allocation of addresses in this manner implies that clients with addresses allocated out of a given service provider are, for routing purposes, part of that service provider and will be routed via its infrastructure. This implies that routing information about multi-homed organizations, i.e., organizations connected to more than one network service provider, will still need to be known by higher levels in the hierarchy. The advantages of hierarchical assignment in this fashion are a) It is expected to be easier for a relatively small number of service providers to obtain addresses from the central authority, rather than a much larger, and monotonically increasing, number of individual clients. This is not to be considered as a loss of part of the service providers' address space. b) Given the current growth of the Internet, a scalable and delegatable method of future allocation of network numbers has to be achieved. For these reasons, and in the interest of providing a consistent procedure for obtaining Internet addresses, it is recommended that most, if not all, network numbers be distributed through service providers. These issues are discussed in much greater length in [2]. 3. Cost-benefit analysis This new method of assigning address through service providers can be put into effect immediately and will, from the start, have the benefit of distributing the currently centralized process of assigning new addresses. Unfortunately, before the benefit of reducing the size of globally-known routing destinations can be achieved, it will be necessary to deploy an Inter-Domain routing protocol capable of handling arbitrary network and mask pairs. Only then will it be possible to aggregate individual class C networks into larger blocks represented by single routing table entries. This means that upon introduction, the new addressing allocation plan will not in and of itself help solve the routing table size problem. Once the new Inter-Domain routing protocol is deployed, however, an immediate drop in the number of destinations which clients of the new protocol must carry will occur. A detailed analysis of the magnitude Fuller, Li, Yu & Varadhan [Page 6] RFC 1519 CIDR Address Strategy September 1993 of this expected drop and the permanent reduction in rate of growth is given in the next section. In should also be noted that the present method of flat address allocations imposes a large bureaucratic cost on the central address allocation authority. For scaling reasons unrelated to address space exhaustion or routing table overflow, this should be changed. Using the mechanism proposed in this paper will have the fortunate side effect of distributing the address allocation procedure, greatly reducing the load on the central authority. 3.1 Present Allocation Figures An informal analysis of "network-contacts.txt" (available from the DDN NIC) indicates that as of 2/25/92, 46 of 126 class A network numbers have been allocated (leaving 81) and 5467 of 16382 class B numbers have been allocated, leaving 10915. Assuming that recent trends continue, the number of allocated class B's will continue to double approximately once a year. At this rate of growth, all class B's will be exhausted within about 15 months. As of 1/13/93, 52 class A network numbers have been allocated and 7133 class B's have been allocated. We suggest that the change in the class B allocation rate is due to the initial deployment of this address allocation plan. Fuller, Li, Yu & Varadhan [Page 7]